APrIGF Document Platform

hello, I am mokabberi from Iran, advisor of cyber policy research institute.

My comments:
how can we promote inclusive norm making process reqarding these below consideration:
1. shaping Fair, democratic, global and ethical internet governance mechanism is key precondition for cyber security norm making process can overcome mistrusts.
2. we should also work on norms of responsible behavior of tech company
3. ITU can play role in cyber security standardization to secure ICTs products supply chain security
4.we should also consider smart lethal weapons and fake attributions
l thinks this process will lead to more militarization of cyberspace and cyber weapean race and establishing AIEA for cyberspace and let some country for unilateral coercive measure in cyberspace like digital countermeasure
This process like applying IHLs in digital realm and turn it into conflict zone is against the vision of peaceful and development-oriented internet for human goods

One suggestion:
A percent of (for example about 5 percent) of taxes of global tech companies and digital platforms that payed to governments can allocated for IGF budget for the implementation of IGF strategic plan and research and development Fund in the field of internet governance in national and international level . By this initiative funding problems of NRIS will be solved.

My comments:
how can we promote inclusive norm making process reqarding these below consideration:
1. shaping Fair, democratic, global and ethical internet governance mechanism is key precondition for cyber security norm making process can overcome mistrusts.
2. we should also work on norms of responsible behavior of tech company
3. ITU can play role in cyber security standardization to secure ICTs products supply chain security
4.we should also consider smart lethal weapons and fake attributions
l thinks this process will lead to more militarization of cyberspace and cyber weapean race and establishing AIEA for cyberspace and let some country for unilateral coercive measure in cyberspace like digital countermeasure
This process like applying IHLs in digital realm and turn it into conflict zone is against the vision of peaceful and development-oriented internet for human goods

hello, from mokabberi from iran.
my comments
we have seen some organized disinformation and fake news in social media with geopolitical purpose ,for example we clearly see that some networks of fake accounts and bots are producing fake news against shia muslims in the name of sounni muslims and at the same time, they are spreading disinformation and hate speech against sunni muslims in the name of shia muslims. We all know who benefits from conflict between muslims and Who benefits from conflict between russia and europe.
what should be done with this organized disinfo at global level that want to make hostilities among nations and religious groups in the world to gain iligimate economical and political interest?
Regulation? Digital ethics? Awareness and digital litracy?
Declaration by stakeholders?

From our end in the Pacific, yes totally agreed in raising awareness so that everyone using internet will understand the threats, challenges and business opportunities that comes with the internet and at the same time aware of some proper and respectful way of using the internet platform within their respective roles.
As for me being both involved in the Government and community so its best to use both connection to make the multitakesholder approach at national level a success. Can put together Government resources and community participation to build guidelines for a safer internet for everyone in the community.

With Facebook, users can opt to close their account and choose to permanently have their data deleted but what about Facebook’s facial recognition AI, will it “unlearn” to recognise faces of deleted users even though this may not be evident to other users.

Growing misinformation, disinformation, hate speech and harassment is definitely a growing issue. However, there can be no binary solution to this issue.
Fake news has always been there in our society, the only concern is with the use of technology the reach and impact has dramatically increased.
Apart from regulations, or companies introducing measures within their products or services to reduce such incidents, capacity building and educating the community on digital etiquette is important. The civil society can play a critical role in this. Also, there is a need for more academic research on these issues – including what motivates some communities to react or spread/ share news while not others, etc.
It is an issue of the whole community and can only be addressed when the whole multistakeholder community works on it together. Blocking, shutting or restricting the internet will not help.
Having said that various initiatives are being taken by online companies in tackling these issues. While few have helped, there is more that needs to be done.

I want to raise the dilemma that I as a consumer face on a daily basis. While I would like to use local, smaller vendors for their online services so that the bigger corporate giants do not form a monopoly, I am also aware that these small vendors might not be able to keep my data as secure as the bigger companies could. This is a conflict, and I would love for the community to come up with a way to resolve this issue.

So far cybersecurity laws have failed to protect the freedom of speech.
The problem that most states are putting regulations without wider public consultation. It depends on parliament members to comment or endorse new laws.
Would be possible to do some changes in the jurisdiction model to bring balanced views?

Paragraph #2 is quite negative to the Internet. While consideration of risks and threats is important, it is best to address the Internet evolution in a positive light and find opportunities in every threat. Possible rephrase:

One of the main themes discussed at the APrIGF in Vladivostok, was peaceful collaboration towards a safer Internet. This included questions such as (paragraphs 2 and 3):

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How can the Internet community participate more actively in the international cybersecurity discussions and encourage more co- operative measures? What shall the digital ethics be for businesses? How shall we take into account the concept of public goods and the commons vs. data ownership and privatization of knowledge? How can we keep the positive elements of “localized” Internet while being aware of its downsides? To enhance trust and security, how can we enhance the capacity building effort and how do we bridge the gap between technical and non-technical understanding of securing the Internet?

While there are growing concerns on issues such as misinformation, fake news, hate speech and harassment, online violence and terrorism, organized cybercrimes, market concentration in cloud services, data breaches resulting in a decrease of trust as well as a wave of state regulations to mitigate the cybersecurity risks. To maintain cyber hygiene, what kind of policies and governance model shall be adopted to tackle these issues and achieve a safer Internet? What should be the key considerations for states when creating these regulations? How shall we maintain legal interoperability of laws and extraterritorial data protection on the Internet? Should the Internet be regulated by the states solely and what is the impact of these existing regulations on the Internet? How should the balance be drawn between state interference on Internet infrastructure and a free and open Internet?

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There are different roles that government, industry (both small and large actors) and other stakeholder groups can play in promoting the adoption of standards. It’s also important to be very clear about the arguments for such adoption and how they are targeted for most effect.

Cyber Security is still a fully undiscovered area and participation by the internet community to focus on capacity building effort will alone is not suffice and there should be some capacity building that are technically designed to handle insecured situations on the Internet. The community can also aim to come out with a Security Framework that can act as a platform for future enhancements.

WS10
Child-Led research by 22 amazing guangzhou young delegate (upper primary school age). They research over 8 chinese cities of children perspective. Comprising of quantitative and qualitative data.

3 key takeaways.

1. Mental health component in Internet Governance IG issues are intertwined with social issues. Safer internet, cybersecurity & regulation. Qualitative case example cited by young delegate, child commit suicide as parent confiscate their phone. Mental wellness need to be address via education and also Multistakeholder approach.

2. Need for evidence-based practice, this child-led research is an example whereby such research can be utilize for professionals whether from internet governance or relevant field that works with children such as social worker.

3. Child perspective must be balance with adult perspective that promotes the welfare and wellness of the child in Safer internet, cybersecurity & regulation.

🇸🇬

We 51 protection of child online: importance of child safely complaints tools

I would further like to state that cyber security classes should be mandated in all schools by the governments of each nation and more awareness should be made for parents,teachers and also to children on this regard..

Thanks for all the comments.
My question here is, how many people are aware of existing organizations working on the same issues? For example, Nadira mentioned IGmena working on collecting domestic laws from each difrerent region and it’s important to work toward more collaborative law makings regarding the internet. However, there are already existing organizations present worldwide which have been working on the same topic – Internet & Jurisdiction based in Paris, for example. Gayatri and het peers are also working on archiving the laws from Asian countries regarding the Internet. IGmena’s work should also be part of this broader institutional and organizational effort. And there will be other groups – probably government officials and lawyers from each region – who have done the same job.

My question is, how can we break this silo-ed works from each different organizations with the same aim and purpose? I think the next step for the Internet Governance should be bridging the existing organizations which are ultimately doing the same works without knowing what others are doing

A strong law enforcement and regulation framework is needed to substitute the failure of the state in restoring peace and justifying their need to use Internet shutdowns as a mechanism.

UA is a foundational requirement for multilingual Internet, in which users around the world can navigate via DNS entirely in local languages. UA needs coordination efforts by the private sector, technical & academic communities, civil society, and governments to ensures that all domain names and email address internationalization (EAI) can be used by all Internet-enabled applications, devices, and systems.
There is an importance need to make everyone from the stakeholders aware of the UA and its tight connection with the IDNs and what advantages it can provides to the general public. Awareness is not enough but creating the drive or motives to demand all stakeholders of serious efforts towards the inclusiveness of the IDNs and EAI.
There are few research and development experiments in APAC region on IDNs and EAI, but more resources is needed to work on standardization.
Creating a consistent environment of enabling the access of local content with local domain name and send and receive emails using the local email address.

* [WS55. Community Networks – Connecting the Hardest Half]
The above comment is in relation to this section

Emerging technologies were amongst the hot topics and interestingly we discussed them from the ethics perspective too. One of the key terms that came along was a “rights based Internet” to help reinforce the open and accessible invariants of the Internet. But with ethics the challenge is where does it come in? At the programmer level, or early education? As ethics is a morality, it is also the major onus of all humans themselves in their own capacities. A good practice may be to focus on developing inter disciplinary curricula and ICT education to sound the unethical challenges that may spring from emerging tech.

ICT may contribute to SDGs in their way. Emerging technology may make everything change rapidly. People need to learn more skills and compete with algorithms, robotics.

Government has the power and should provide social welfare policy to take care of the minority groups, lower income people, make every sector can participate economic activities.

Big tech companies may take their responsibility to make feedback to the society. But government may provide some incentives to encourage big tech companies or startups to hire some disable people or provide job opportunities to women, minority groups.

That is the concept of social safety net. Social safety net is provided by government or institution or other communities. When people lost their job, the social safety net may provide some basic welfare to help them, e.g, training new skills or re-training to build more ability. That may help those unemployed people to re-build their confident and back to the economy activities.

Social safety net also to help to make a stable society, decrease the criminal event.

This is not a responsibility for ICTs or government, this is for all sectors. Rapid development technology may instead of human being in the future. There will be some more unknown jobs (for now) for the future society.

If we need a social welfare policy, how to have a social welfare policy with multistakeholder model?

Social media has an increasing influence on Internet users nowadays, where we highly rely on it to receive different kinds of information, from international news to life updates of your friends. However, there are no strict rules on these social media platform, which means the reliability of this information is questionable. Corporations try to establish the community committees to review reports received regarding fraud, fake news, bullying case, etc. However, due to various factors, including gaps in capacity and knowledge, culture differences, languages, personal judgement, value, and emotion. bias is generated and the core issues in these problems are usually not addressed. Therefore, it will be appreciated if these social media platforms can adopt emerging technologies such as AI as part of this report reviewing process, which can help eliminate bias generated by humans during the decision-making process. With an auditing process in the algorithm, it is believed that it can help improve the effectiveness in resolving issues related to social media and help eliminated bias generated by AI too.

We need a rights based approach to technology and regulation of technology. We hae to acknowledge that tech is not neutral and that it can harm disadvantaged communities. We thus need to have a rights based approach where we recognise the impact of different technologies including codes on people. Encourage greater multi disciplinary discussions and look at the impacts

WS50:
– There are some countries which started to give regulation about crypto assets and some are not. We may need structured model for govern crypto assets because if we don’t have the model it will be difficult to define. But it’s also already provided by internet draft IETF before.

– For crypto assets governance, The Important point is the communication among business and engineers, It is not easy to solve but it’s important to start communicate each other.

– If there will be new crypto currency platform released, we should concern about the users and security, for example Libra from Facebook including WhatsApp, Instagram, and Messenger, targeted to be able to transact with Libra starting in early 2020. However, it is not yet clear whether the availability is simultaneous worldwide or gradually in several countries first. But the main point is where almost all Facebook and those social media users is in the youth categories, so It’s important for giving awareness and education and comprehensive information about cryptocurrency in our communities

WS30

Computing machines or machine learning algorithm should be free from biased. However considering diversity of data in algorithm can provide machine to take right decisions. Inclusion of ethics and norms programmer or Innovator can direct a machine from wrong to right.however besides those, need good human centric principles and morality to address awareness behind computing machines.

WS22. IoT Security – A Differentiator for Consumers

– Based on some reports and news, there are some IoT Technologies which are not implement strong security. that are compromised by hackers even as homes and businesses continue to add these and other connected devices to their networks and it was realized that most challenges were of privacy/confidentiality and data integrity. Based on those issues, the companies should improve from layer security, framework and platform devices.
– There is the fact that innovation of IoT products could help people with disability but we also have to concern about the security and who will be responsible for facilitate this concern
– The raising awareness about security in IoT. At least consumers understanding about what data will they give, term and agreements with the IoT services and strengthen transparency accountability of IoT manufacturers about information of their IoT Products and integrity .
– There is no real regulation about differentiator for customer on IoT, bringing companies to participate/ involve or maybe it would be better if they had a common framework. The movement that we can do is work together

Does Blockchain collect too much personal information?

With the internet being this ever-evolving entity, human rights on the internet should be ever-evolving as well. We should move forward and see the internet as it is and as it will be with rights ever changing and not as something set in stone.

We should highlight hate speech

On the impact of the GDPR on the APAC region. Many APAC countries are implementing privacy & data protection laws directly informed by the GDPR (see Indonesia’s proposed law and Australia’s upcoming amendments to the Privacy Act). Very welcome to see this GDPR influence as the digital economy grows faster in APAC than any other region in the world!

Apart from including the youth, I think it is also important for us to include the elderly in the discussion. With the advancement and spread of smart gadgets, more and more middle-aged people and elderly are now using these smartphones for online activities and to connect with their family and friends. However, for quite a number of them are not as alert as young people, who are digital natives, when it comes to issues like cybersecurity and privacy protection. Some of them have only little understandings on these dangers, which means that they are probably more prone to cyber crimes, privacy breach and so on. It is essential to include them in the discussion of internet governance so that we can understand better about their difficulties and better address them.

Agree on this point. Not only the youth, but the elderly are also important to have good knowledge and awareness about cybersecurity, cyberbullying, fake news, hate speeches, etc. and all the things that can be dangerous via the internet.
For instance, a gullible person may be both a youth or middle-aged and even an elderly who is used to believe the occurrences on the internet and spread the news about it which can harm someone direct or indirect way by emotionally, financially, socially, and reputationally.

Therefore, the elderly should be added too in the discussion of Internet Governance so they become familiar with both the advantages and disadvantages of the internet and how to protect themselves. And we are able to realize their perceptive of using the internet and lessons learned in order to have the idea how we should better promote the awareness of Internet Governance for all age level.

hello,
this suggestion can be enclouded in aprigf massage :
One suggestion for increase of financial Strengths of IGF
A percent of (for example about 5 percent) of taxes of global tech companies and digital platforms that paid to governments can allocated by them for IGF budget for the implementation of IGF strategic plan and research and development Fund in the field of internet governance in national and international level . By this initiative funding problems of NRIS will be solved.

Internet Governance normally related with the “subject and rules”, it is necessary to sort out who will be get involved in the issue and what rules will be applicable. And more ,it usually expressed by different stakeholders of the internet governance which will related with technology and public policy. Indeed the solution also will be solved by the combination of technologies and policies. In particularly, the technology is the foundation of the internet or cyberspace, and the activities of main parties、 the foundation of the policies also based on the technologies. In addition, the internet governance get the different stakeholders get involved and became globalized which is necessary to consider the factors time and pay attention to the changes in the internet governance system.

I represent as one of the voices of the youth. Based on the Townhall Session held on July 18, 2019, me and my fellow youth participants from YIGF 2019 suggested implementing a “youth section” for the synthesis document from hereon. Knowing that the youth comprises of the majority of internet users online, especially on social media platforms, we would like to extend our help and participate more in these synthesis documents beyond what is expected of us. A large portion of the youth has broad access to the latest trends with the internet, so giving them the opportunity to voice out their opinions into a dedicated section where their thoughts will be focused upon. The youth playing a bigger role in both the multi-stakeholder model and the synthesis document is crucial when highlighting their important perspectives regarding the numerous issues with internet governance.

This year, there is high and active youth participation in APrIGF, which reveals that the youth community in Asia-Pacific is growing robustly. Young people in this age are digital natives, therefore, it is essential for the community to include their voice in the policy-making process, and their opinions are actually beneficial for policy-making.

WS 6 is basically a workshop initiated by youth, moderated by youth and for youth. Workshop like this not only helps open a door to Internet Governance for youth, but also helps get their voice heard. In order to help widening their horizon and exposure in Internet Governance, and to include more of their opinons, it is suggested to include at least one youth speaker on every workshop, so that the youth perspectives on every topics or issues can be considered.

“Currencies” being set up by Technology corporations is a concern. Eg it is starting of with Faceboook

With the trend of Digital ecosystem facilities us doing e-commerce, online shopping,mobile money transfer…etc. on the other hand consumers are not have adequate knowledge of rights, there’s products received found not satisfy quality thts has been assured by the e-commerce platform and most of the case they didn’t mentioned penalty or they have tendency to overlook it as result consumers are loosing better service.
Though have rising digital economy through digital services or platform but have huge lack of digital governance for which end user can be beneficial for the developing countries.

1. Need to define what is “traditional business”?Some business just don’t want to change their transaction with internet or they would like to choose cash and decline the credit card or other cashless payment.

2. E-commerce is a way to purchase commodities or services on the internet. If some business don’t have the capacity to do business in electronic way, should we push them to e-commerce?

3. If the “traditional business” means industries, we need to define which industry should do digital transformation? Manufacturing? Publish? Medias? Retail? Each industry has to face different digitalization issues. So, please make more clear with industry or commerce. If we only talk about online retailing, please use specific words.

Particularly on the note of underserved and rural regions, who currently don’t have full access to the digital economy; what happens once the economies of scale which power the non-digital economy cease? What happens when the balance tips in favour of digital transactions, supply chain management and inventory control? Will the non-digital solutions cease and leave the underserved communities behind?

It’s the job of the internet community to make sure that these communities are not left behind on the march to innovation.

1. Thinking for a e-portal for Pacific islands countries. What’s the purpose for the e-portal? Who will be the audience to this websites?

2. e-Government can provide a transparent way to encourage people to participate the government activities and know their government. e-Government also present a government may their services online. Then people can understand the government services from the website and interact with their government. The structure are not hierarchy anymore. It becomes more horizontal.

3. e-Government or e-Portal may help foreign users know your country well. They may know any incentives to the business, any policies encourage foreign enterprises to invest in local. Also government may ask to foreign to upgrade the infrastructure and training / education local people. Some countries encourage foreign companies to set a branch there with taxation reduction or tax relief, but they have to provide more job opportunities, training and re-training to local people.

4. To foreign immigration or expats, they may want to know more information with any welfare or public equipment, e.g. raising children, child education, those policies from e-gov website.

The challenging of implementing good eGovernment services in developing economies is the infrastructure and reaching to the last mile.
Hence along with the development of the portal, the Government has to develop the right strategies to the grantee that their e-services do reach out to every single citizen. It might be done by allocating certain stations in the remote areas.

WS37. Is e-Government an effective mechanism for developing economies

– People need simple, fluent, integrates e-government services or we could state that importance of basic info needs first to support life capabilities. The thing to need attention while constructing E-government is there must be right people or who understand the functions of social institutions and society. Besides, we have to see what must be caught such as emerging trends and issues. For example, in the Pacific, the most important thing is to have a connection. Even though there are connections but still limited and few. and it should be noted that there are still few people working on the ICT. E-government is capable of work with ICT companies in their respective regions to achieve effective e-governance and digital economic growth. If it has already been implemented, the most important thing is to increase securities in the system / app in e-government because using a real name system, we can conclude ideally is the resilience of and sustainable system.
– Fiji 5 Years transformation online. Digital transformation program to bring government services online, such as online record of birth, death and marriage, business and company registration, etc.
– In Indonesia, for example of government applications in education sector are government library app which we could rent e-book from this app, public school enrollment can be done online for junior and senior high school level. In health sector, there is Online Self registration in the public hospitals to make an appointment with doctor, etc.
– For those who have just started an e-government website, for example, several countries in the Pacific island can be made with recommendations from several websites from other countries and analyze what features which must to have, good to have or not particularly, Examples for must to have are main news page, weather forecast, focus on tourism (by occupation) simplify the website topics, sign up and log in, Message us, Contact, FAQ, Health topics, search engine. For good to have are Education sites, Every Drop Counts, Text to speech for disability people, Social Media, E-services of government information.